
Energy // Fatigue
Fueling the Body and the Brain

Ever feel drained for no clear reason?
While stress, sleep, and medical issues all affect energy levels, what you eat plays a foundational role in how energetic—or exhausted—you feel.
Energy is not just about calories—it's about cellular function, blood sugar balance, mitochondrial health, and nutrient sufficiency. A nutrient-rich diet can optimize both physical stamina and mental alertness, while poor nutrition contributes to fatigue, brain fog, and low motivation.
How Nutrition Affects Energy
Energy production happens on a cellular level, in tiny structures called mitochondria, which require specific nutrients to convert food into usable energy (ATP).
Three key systems influence how ENERGISED you feel:
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Blood glucose regulation
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Mitochondrial function
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Neurotransmitter and hormone balance
Nutritional deficiencies, inflammatory foods, or erratic eating patterns can impair all three, leading to low energy, mood crashes, and poor cognitive performance.
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Key Nutrients That Support Energy
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1. B Vitamins (especially B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B12, Folate)
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Essential cofactors in energy metabolism, converting carbs, fats, and proteins into ATP.
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Deficiencies cause fatigue, low motivation, and poor concentration.
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B12 and folate are especially important for neurological energy and red blood cell formation (Kennedy, 2016).
2. Iron
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Vital for oxygen transport via hemoglobin.
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Iron deficiency (even without anemia) can cause fatigue, weakness, and reduced exercise tolerance (Beard, 2001).
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Women of reproductive age are especially vulnerable.
3. Magnesium
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Supports over 300 enzymatic reactions, including ATP production.
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Low magnesium is linked to chronic fatigue, sleep problems, and stress (Barbagallo & Dominguez, 2010).
4. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
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A mitochondrial enzyme required for ATP synthesis.
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Levels decline with age and statin use.
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Supplementation improves energy in older adults and those with mitochondrial dysfunction (Hidaka et al., 2008).
5. Vitamin D
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Regulates calcium metabolism, mood, and mitochondrial function.
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Low vitamin D is associated with fatigue, low mood, and muscle weakness (Nowak et al., 2016).
6. Creatine
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Increases short-term energy availability, especially for muscles and the brain.
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Shown to reduce mental fatigue and improve working memory, even in vegetarians (Avgerinos et al., 2018).
7. L-Carnitine
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Transports fatty acids into mitochondria for energy production.
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Supplementation may benefit those with chronic fatigue or mitochondrial impairment (Malaguarnera et al., 2007).
Blood Sugar and Energy
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The brain and body need stable glucose for optimal energy.
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Refined carbs cause rapid spikes and crashes, leading to energy dips.
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Balanced meals with protein, fiber, and healthy fats provide sustained energy throughout the day.
Gut Health and Energy
The gut–brain axis plays a critical role in energy levels:
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A healthy microbiome helps produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which regulate inflammation and mitochondrial function.
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Dysbiosis is linked to fatigue and mood issues.
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Probiotic-rich and high-fiber diets may improve vitality and reduce fatigue (Boespflug et al., 2022).
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Hydration and Energy
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Even mild dehydration can impair energy, focus, and mood
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Try to drink half of your daily H2O requirements before Lunch time, to boost blood volume, improve heart function, and decrease anxiety.
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Aim for at least 2 liters daily, more with activity or heat.
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Include electrolytes (like sodium, potassium, magnesium) if sweating heavily.
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Evidence-Based Diet Patterns for Energy
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1. Mediterranean diet - High in fiber, antioxidants, and healthy fats; supports sustained energy and cognition
2. Low-glycemic index (GI) - Reduces blood sugar crashes and improves mood
3. Anti-inflammatory diet - Reduces oxidative stress and mitochondrial fatigue
4. Ultra-processed diet - Linked to energy crashes and metabolic dysfunction
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Clinical Recommendations
✅ Include foods rich in:
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B vitamins (eggs, leafy greens, legumes)
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Iron (red meat, lentils, pumpkin seeds)
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Magnesium (dark chocolate, almonds, spinach)
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Omega-3s (salmon, flax, chia)
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CoQ10 (organ meats, or supplement)
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Fiber and probiotics (vegetables, yogurt, kefir)
✅ Avoid:
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Skipping meals
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Excessive caffeine (may cause crashes)
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High-sugar, high-fat processed foods
✅ Test and supplement if needed:
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Vitamin D
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Iron
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B12 and folate
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Magnesium
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CoQ10 or L-carnitine in special cases
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Feeling energized starts at the cellular level
— and what you eat determines how well your cells perform.
A diet rich in vitamins, minerals, healthy fats, and fibre supports sustained mental and physical energy,
while poor dietary habits drain your vitality.
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Rather than reaching for a sweet treat, try reaching for nutrients first!
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References
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Avgerinos, K. I., Spyrou, N., Bougioukas, K. I., & Kapogiannis, D. (2018). Effects of creatine supplementation on cognitive function of healthy individuals: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Experimental Gerontology, 108, 166–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2018.04.002
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Barbagallo, M., & Dominguez, L. J. (2010). Magnesium and aging. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 16(7), 832–839. https://doi.org/10.2174/138161210790883615
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Beard, J. L. (2001). Iron biology in immune function, muscle metabolism and neuronal functioning. The Journal of Nutrition, 131(2), 568S–580S. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/131.2.568S
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Boespflug, E. L., Pfeiffer, A., & Korn, L. (2022). Probiotics and fatigue: A review. Nutrients, 14(2), 321. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14020321
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Hidaka, T., Fujii, K., Funahashi, I., Fukutomi, N., & Yamamoto, Y. (2008). Safety assessment of CoQ10 (ubiquinone). BioFactors, 32(1-4), 199–208. https://doi.org/10.1002/biof.5520320121
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Kennedy, D. O. (2016). B vitamins and the brain: Mechanisms, dose and efficacy—A review. Nutrients, 8(2), 68. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8020068
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Malaguarnera, M., Gargante, M. P., Cristaldi, E., et al. (2007). Acetyl-L-carnitine treatment in minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 53(2), 301–308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-007-9880-0
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Nowak, A., Boesch, L., Andres, E., et al. (2016). Effect of vitamin D3 on self-perceived fatigue: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Medicine, 95(52), e5353. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000005353
